DEA Extramural Glossary: 'R' Terms

DEA Extramural Glossary

'R' Terms

R&R Budget Form: Generally, you must use the R&R Budget Form if you are applying for more than $250,000 per budget period in direct costs, and you must use the Modular Budget Form if you are applying for less than $250,000. However, some grant mechanisms or programs (e.g., training grants) may require other budget forms to be used. Refer to your FOA and to the following instructions for guidance on which Budget Form to use.
For additional information visit the NIH's Develop Your Budget webpage and the G.300 – R&R Budget Form in the SF424 General Application Guide for NIH and Other PHS Agencies webpage.

Racial and Ethnic Categories: See: Ethnic and Racial Definitions

Racial and Ethnic Minority or Minority Group: Racial and ethnic minority or minority group means American Indians (including Alaska Natives, Eskimos, and Aleuts), Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders, Blacks, and Hispanics. Hispanic means individuals whose origin is Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin.
Quoted from 42 CFR §52i.2.

Randomization: When referring to an experiment or clinical trial, the process by which animal or human subjects are assigned by chance to separate groups that compare different treatments or other interventions. Randomization gives each participant an equal chance of being assigned to any of the groups.
Quoted from the NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms.

Randomized Clinical Trial: A study in which the participants are assigned by chance to separate groups that compare different treatments; neither the researchers nor the participants can choose which group. Using chance to assign people to groups means that the groups will be similar and that the treatments they receive can be compared objectively. At the time of the trial, it is not known which treatment is best. It is the patient's choice to be in a randomized trial.
Quoted from the NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms.

Rapid Access to Intervention Development RAID: The Rapid Access to Intervention Development (RAID) Program facilitated the translation of novel anticancer therapeutics from the academic community to the clinic. The program ended in 2009. See https://dtp.cancer.gov/timeline/flash/milestones/M16_RAID.htm for additional information.

Rapid Access to NCI Discovery Resources RAND: This program assisted academic and nonprofit investigators in the discovery stage of anticancer drug research. RAND could assist in the discovery of small molecules, biologics, or natural products through such mechanisms as the development of high-throughput screening assays, computer modeling, recombinant target protein production and characterization, and chemical library generation.

Rapid Access to Preventive Intervention Development RAPID: The goal of this program was the expeditious movement of novel molecules and concepts from the laboratory to the clinic for clinical trials of efficacy. Rapid Access to Preventive Intervention Development (RAPID) assisted investigators who submitted successful requests by providing any (or all) of the preclinical and phase 1 clinical developmental requirements for phase 2 clinical efficacy trials. These included, for example, preclinical pharmacology, toxicology, and efficacy studies; bulk supply, GMP manufacturing and formulation; and regulatory and IND support and phase 1 clinical studies. Suitable types of agents for RAPID ranged from single chemical or biological entities to defined complex mixtures with the potential to prevent, reverse, or delay carcinogenesis.

Re-Competing: See: Renewal Application

Re-Review of Application: If both review staff and program staff support an appeal, then the original application, without additional materials or modifications, will be re-reviewed by the same or a different SRG. In this case, only the results of the re-review, and not the first review, are made available to Council, and information about the appeal is not made available to Council.
Quoted from NIH Guide Notice NOT-OD-11-064.

Reader: See: Discussant

Real Property: Land, including land improvements, structures, and appurtenances, but not movable machinery and equipment.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.

Rebudgeting (Grant): In general, NIH recipients are allowed a certain degree of latitude to rebudget within and between budget categories to meet unanticipated needs and to make other types of post-award changes. Some changes may be made at the recipient's discretion as long as they are within the limits established by NIH. In other cases, NIH prior written approval may be required before a recipient makes certain budget modifications or undertakes particular activities.
Quoted from and for additional information see §8.1 of the NIH Grants Policy Statement.

Rebuttal: A procedure for contesting the peer review of a grant application. Synonymous with "Appeal."
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List

Receipt Date: See: Due Date; See Also: On-Time Submission

Receipt, Referral, and Assignment of Applications: Routing of applications arriving at NIH. The Division of Receipt and Referral (DRR) of CSR is the central receipt point for competing applications. The role of the DRR is to assign each application to a review group that has the expertise to evaluate the scientific and technical merit of the application and to one or more ICs for funding consideration. Information on the assignment of grant applications is accessed through the Commons.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.
For additional information on Receipt, Referral and Assignment, visit the NIH OER Receipt and Referral and the CSR's The Assignment Process webpages.
When an application is assigned to NCI for initial peer review, a referral officer In the DEA's Program Coordination and Referral Branch (PCRB) will examine and direct each application to the appropriate NCI program director. The program director is responsible for following the progress of his/her assigned application(s) through the peer review process.

Recipient: Recipient means an entity, usually but not limited to non-Federal entities, that receives a Federal award directly from a Federal awarding agency to carry out an activity under a Federal program. The term recipient does not include subrecipients.
Quoted from 45 CFR §75.2.; See Also: Non-Federal entity ; Federal Acquisition Regulations

Recommended: Only applications that are recommended for approval by both the SRG and the Advisory Council may be recommended for funding. Final funding decisions are made by the IC Directors.
For additional information, visit the NIH OER Peer Review webpage Second Level of Review - Advisory Council/Board section.

Recommended Levels of Future Support: Funding level recommended for each future year approved by the scientific review group, subject to availability of funds and scientific progress.

Referral Guidelines: Referral guidelines are an internal reference source for the staff in the Division of Receipt and Referral, Center for Scientific Review responsible for the assignment of fellowship, grant, and cooperative agreement applications to the institutes and centers of the National Institutes of Health and certain other components of the Department of Health and Human Services. The guidelines for each institute and center consist of three sections: a description of program areas of interest, a discussion of shared interests with other institutes and centers, and a listing of grant mechanisms utilized.

Referral Officer RO: Assigns applications to one primary and one or more secondary Institutes or Centers.

Remedies for Noncompliance

If a non-Federal entity fails to comply with Federal statutes, regulations, or the terms and conditions of a Federal award, the HHS awarding agency or pass-through entity may impose additional conditions, as described in §75.207. If the HHS awarding agency or pass-through entity determines that noncompliance cannot be remedied by imposing additional conditions, the HHS awarding agency or pass-through entity may take one or more of the following actions, as appropriate in the circumstances:

(a) Temporarily withhold cash payments ;ending correction of the deficiency by the non-Federal entity or more severe enforcement action by the HHS awarding agency or pass-through entity.

(b) Disallow (that is, deny both use of funds and any applicable matching credit for) all or part of the cost of the activity or action not in compliance.

(d) Initiate suspension or debarment proceedings as authorized under 2 CFR part 180 and HHS awarding agency regulations at 2 CFR part 376 (or in the case of a pass-through entity, recommend such a proceeding be initiated by a HHS awarding agency).

(e) Withhold further Federal awards for the project or program.

(f) Take other remedies that may be legally available.

Quoted from 45 CFR §75.371.

Renewal (contract): An agreement to an existing contract for continuation of work with the incumbent contractor.
Quoted from the NIH OAMP Acquisition Process Mapping Glossary.

Renewal Application: An application requesting additional funding for a period subsequent to that provided by a current award. Renewal applications compete for funds with all other peer reviewed applications, and must be developed as fully as though the applicant is applying for the first time. The previous NIH term was "competing continuation."
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.

Request for Application RFA: An RFA is a formal statement that solicits grant or cooperative agreement applications in a well-defined scientific area to accomplish specific program objectives. An RFA indicates the estimated amount of funds set aside for the competition, the estimated number of awards to be made, whether cost sharing is required, and the application submission date(s). For cooperative agreements, the RFA will describe the responsibilities and obligations of NIH and awardees as well as joint responsibilities and obligations. Applications submitted in response to an RFA are usually reviewed by a Scientific Review Group (SRG) specially convened by the awarding component that issued the RFA.
Learn more about types of funding opportunity announcements.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.

Request for Assignment(s) Changes Form 901: See: Assignment Change Request

Request for Contract/Acquisition Plan/Contract Revision RFC/AP/CR: See: Acquisition Plan/Request for Contract

Requests for Proposals RFP: Requests for proposals (RFPs) are used in negotiated acquisitions to communicate Government requirements to prospective contractors and to solicit proposals. RFPs for competitive acquisitions shall, at a minimum, describe the—
(1) Government's requirement;
(2) Anticipated terms and conditions that will apply to the contract. The solicitation may authorize offerors to propose alternative terms and conditions. If the solicitation permits offerors to submit one or more additional proposals with alternative line items (see 52.204-22 or 52.212-1(e)), the evaluation approach should consider the potential impact of the alternative line items on other terms and conditions or the requirement (e.g., place of performance or payment and funding requirements) (see 15.206);
(3) Information required to be in the offeror's proposal; and
(4) Factors and significant subfactors that will be used to evaluate the proposal and their relative importance.
Quoted from §15.203 of the Federal Acquisition Regulation.

Requirements Contract: A requirements contract provides for filling all actual purchase requirements of designated Government activities for supplies or services during a specified contract period (from one contractor), with deliveries or performance to be scheduled by placing orders with the contractor.
Quoted from §16.503 of the Federal Acquisition Regulation.

Research: Research is defined as a systematic study directed toward fuller scientific knowledge or understanding of the subject studied.
Quoted from 45 CFR §75.2.; See Also: Development

Research Advocate: Research advocates bring a unique viewpoint to the cancer research process, making scientific and medical advances more timely and effective for people living with cancer. As advocates participate in various NCI activities, they incorporate the collective patient perspective into the NCI research enterprise and serve as a reminder of the need for research focused on patient benefits and outcomes. Advocates also support the dissemination of scientific advances that lead to new and better methods to prevent, detect, and treat cancer.
For additional information on the ways advocates engage in the NCI research process, visit the Research Advocacy Webpage at NCI webpage.

Research Analysis and Evaluation Branch RAEB

The NCI DEA Research Analysis and Evaluation Branch (RAEB) works closely with the NCI Office of Budget and Finance (OBF) to provide budget-linked portfolio data for NCI grants, cooperative agreements, and contracts. In doing so, the Institute has the capability of responding expeditiously to congressional and other inquiries. RAEB has historical budget-linked portfolio data that go back to the 1930s.

RAEB:

Serves as the Institute's officially designated, centralized source of scientific information and science-based budget information on NCI-supported research.
Analyzes and classifies the science content of all Institute-supported research projects.
Analyzes the distribution of funds among research areas; these analyses serve as a basis for budget projections.
Reports and answers inquiries on the scientific and budgetary aspects of Institute-funded research, including research grants, center grants, training grants, and research contracts.
Maintains liaisons with other organizations involved in related classification activities.
Documents the need for proposed RFAs by comparing RFA concepts with existing NCI-supported research and with unsolicited applications.

Source: The NCI Division of Extramural Activities (DEA) 2015 Annual Report "The RAS Initiative".

Research and Development R&D: Research and Development (R&D) means all research activities, both basic and applied, and all development activities that are performed by HHS award recipients. The term research also includes activities involving the training of individuals in research techniques where such activities utilize the same facilities as other research and development activities and where such activities are not included in the instruction function.
Quoted from 45 CFR 75.2.

Research and Development Contract Project: An identified, circumscribed activity, involving a single contract or two or more similar, related, or interdependent contracts intended and designed to acquire new or fuller knowledge and understanding in the areas of biomedical or behavioral research and/or to use such knowledge and understanding to develop useful materials, devices, systems or methods.
Quoted from NIH Policy Manual Chapter 6315-1.

Research and Development Contract Proposal R&D Contract Proposal: A written offer to enter into a contract that is submitted to the appropriate agency official by an individual or nonfederal organization which includes, at a minimum, a description of the nature, purpose, duration, and cost of the project, and the methods, personnel and facilities to be utilized in carrying it out. A contract proposal may be unsolicited by the federal government or submitted in response to a Request for Proposals. It consists of a technical proposal and a business proposal.
Quoted from NIH Policy Manual Chapter 6315-1.; See Also: Research and Development Demonstration Contract ; Research and Development Support Contract

Research and Development Demonstration Contract: Systematic studies of the feasibility of disseminating or applying R&D findings to community or other group situations, e.g., establish effectiveness of health diagnosis, treatment, or prevention approaches to improve public health.
Quoted from §H.12.c. of NIH Policy Manual Chapter 6315-1.

Research and Development Support Contract: NCI awards "Research and Development Support Contracts" to obtain special materials, resources, or services integral to performing R&D projects.
"Research and Development Support" is procedures, techniques and activities directly supporting the conduct of R&D, involving innovative or standard methodologies to prepare or provide special materials, resources, or services integral to performing R&D projects, e.g., screen or test components for biological activity; collect, provide, analyze, or interpret experimental research data or information, or provide significant enhancements to existing equipment or systems.
Quoted from §H.12.d. of NIH Policy Manual Chapter 6315-1.

Research Career Awards "K" Program: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Career Development (K) Awards Program includes a broad range of funding mechanisms and provides scientists with support to further develop their cancer research careers, transition to independence, expand their existing research programs, or mentor junior investigators. The K awards are a significant component of NCI's training effort.

Research Center Grants: See Also: Center Core Grants ; Center Grants ; Cancer Center Support Grant

Research Centers: Center grants are awarded to institutions on behalf of program directors and groups of collaborating investigators. They support long-term, multi-disciplinary programs of research and development. They may include multiple components, including core facilities and services, subprojects, or linked awards.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.; See: Research Center Grants; See Also: Cancer Center

Research Centers in Minority Institutions RCMI: he Research Centers in Minority Institutions (RCMI) program develops and strengthens the research infrastructure necessary to conduct state-of-the-art biomedical research and foster the next generation of researchers from underrepresented populations. The RCMI program provides grants to institutions that award doctoral degrees in the health professions or health-related sciences and have a historical and current commitment to serving students from underrepresented populations.
Quoted from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities' (NIMHD) Research Centers in Minority Institutions Program webpage.

Research Condition and Disease Categorization RCDC: RCDC (Research, Condition, and Disease Categorization) is a computerized reporting process the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is using at the end of each fiscal year to categorize its funding in medical research beginning with fiscal year 2008 (FY 2008) RCDC reports NIH funding in 265 research, condition, and disease categories.
For additional information, visit the RCDC webpage.

Research Construction Programs C06: To provide matching Federal funds, up to 75%, for construction or major remodeling, to create new research facilities. In addition to basic research laboratories this may include, under certain circumstances, animal facilities and/or limited clinical facilities where they are an integral part of an overall research effort.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Research Contracts Branch RCB: See: Office of Acquisitions

Research Demonstration and Dissemination Project R18: To provide support designed to develop, test, and evaluate health service activities, and to foster the application of existing knowledge for the control of categorical diseases.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Research Development Support Costs: Research Career Development ("K") Awards may include a fixed amount for research development support costs. This amount may vary by IC and is commonly used for supplies, equipment, technical personnel, travel to research meetings or training, tuition/fees for courses and computational services.
Quoted from §12.8.2 of the NIH Grants Policy Statement.

Research Enhancement Award Programs REAP: See: Academic Research Enhancement Award

Research Grants: Major extramural research grants awarded to institutions, hospitals, and other research organizations, including small businesses, to support circumscribed research led by investigators, create developmental opportunities, and to provide research related resources under programs such as Research Careers, Research Centers, Research Projects, SBIR/STTRs, and Other Research.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.; See Also: Research Project Grant ; Other Research Grants

Research Initiative for Scientific Enhancement (RISE) Program (R25) RISE: RISE (R25) is a developmental program that seeks to increase the capacity of students underrepresented in the biomedical sciences (such as African Americans; Hispanic Americans; Native Americans, including Alaska Natives; natives of the U.S. Pacific Islands and students with disabilities) to complete Ph.D. degrees in these fields. The program provides grants to institutions with a commitment and history of developing students from populations underrepresented in biomedical sciences as defined by the National Science Foundation. By supporting institutions with well-integrated developmental activities designed to strengthen students' academic preparation, research training and professional skills, the RISE Program aims to help reduce the existing gap in completion of Ph.D. degrees between underrepresented and non-underrepresented students. Applicant institutions must award the baccalaureate, master's or doctoral degree in biomedical science fields.
For additional information on RISE, please visit the RISE program page.

Research Institution

One that has a place of business located in the United States, which operates primarily within the United States or which makes a significant contribution to the U.S. economy through payment of taxes or use of American products, materials or labor, and is:

A non-profit institution as defined in section 4(5) of the Stevenson -Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (that is, an organization that is owned and operated exclusively for scientific or educational purposes, no part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual) and includes non-profit medical and surgical hospitals; or
A Federally-funded R&D center as identified by the National Science Foundation in accordance with the Government-wide Federal Acquisition Regulation issued in accordance with section 35(c)(1) of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act (or any successor regulation thereto).

Quoted from the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program Policy Directive.

Research Integrity

Research integrity includes:

the use of honest and verifiable methods in proposing, performing, and evaluating research
reporting research results with particular attention to adherence to rules, regulations, guidelines, and
following commonly accepted professional codes or norms.

For additional information, visit the NIH OER Research Integrity webpage.

Research Misconduct: As an agency under the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), NIH follows the Public Health Service (PHS) Policies on Research Misconduct 42 CFR 93. According to this, research misconduct is defined as fabrication, falsification and plagiarism, and does not include honest error or differences of opinion.
All institutions receiving PHS funding must have written policies and procedures for addressing allegations of research misconduct.
NIH has specific procedures in place to handle allegations of research misconduct. All allegations of research misconduct received at the NIH are promptly and carefully reviewed. However, NIH does not have the authority to conduct investigations of these allegations except for the ones involving NIH intramural research. Ultimately, all research misconduct allegations involving NIH awards are forwarded to the HHS Office of Research Integrity (ORI) for their oversight.
ORI is responsible for overseeing and directing PHS research integrity activities. ORI has the authority and the responsibility to review and monitor investigations of research misconduct allegations involving PHS funding.
Quoted from the NIH OER Research Misconduct Overview webpage.; See Also: Research Integrity

Research Performance Progress Report RPRR: The Research Performance Progress Report (RPPR) is used by grantees to submit progress reports to NIH on their grant awards.
For additional information, visit the Research Performance Progress Report (RPPR) webpage.

Research Plan

The Research Plan is a subsection the NIH SF424 (R&R) - Forms Version D "G.400 - PHS 398 Research Plan Form". It describes the proposed research, stating its significance and how it will be conducted.

Remember, your application has two audiences: the majority of reviewers who will probably not be familiar with your techniques or field and a smaller number who will be familiar.

All reviewers are important to you because each reviewer gets one vote.

To succeed in peer review, you must win over the assigned reviewers . They act as your advocates in guiding the review panel's discussion of your application.
Write and organize your application so the primary reviewer can readily grasp and explain what you are proposing and advocate for your application.
Appeal to the reviewers and the funding ICs by using language that stresses the significance of your proposed work.

The Research Plan subsection consists of the following parts:

Specific Aims;
Research Strategy; and
Progress Report Publication List (Renewal Applications).

Excerpted from NIH OER Write Your Application webpage and the NIH OER G.400 - PHS 398 Research Plan Form.

Research Portfolio: The cohort of grants supported by a given NIH organization.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.

Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools RePORT: In addition to carrying out its scientific mission, NIH exemplifies and promotes the highest level of public accountability. To that end, the Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools website provides access to reports, data, and analyses of NIH research activities, including information on NIH expenditures and the results of NIH-supported research.

Research Program - Cooperative Agreements U19: To support a research program of multiple projects directed toward a specific major objective, basic theme or program goal, requiring a broadly based, multidisciplinary and often long-term approach. A cooperative agreement research program generally involves the organized efforts of large groups, members of which are conducting research projects designed to elucidate the various aspects of a specific objective. Substantial Federal programmatic staff involvement is intended to assist investigators during performance of the research activities, as defined in the terms and conditions of award. The investigators have primary authorities and responsibilities to define research objectives and approaches, and to plan, conduct, analyze, and publish results, interpretations and conclusions of their studies. Each research project is usually under the leadership of an established investigator in an area representing his/her special interest and competencies. Each project supported through this mechanism should contribute to or be directly related to the common theme of the total research effort. The award can provide support for certain basic shared resources, including clinical components, which facilitate the total research effort. These scientifically meritorious projects should demonstrate an essential element of unity and interdependence.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Research Program Projects P01: For the support of a broadly based, multidisciplinary, often long-term research program which has a specific major objective or a basic theme. A program project generally involves the organized efforts of relatively large groups, members of which are conducting research projects designed to elucidate the various aspects or components of this objective. Each research project is usually under the leadership of an established investigator. The grant can provide support for certain basic resources used by these groups in the program, including clinical components, the sharing of which facilitates the total research effort. A program project is directed toward a range of problems having a central research focus, in contrast to the usually narrower thrust of the traditional research project. Each project supported through this mechanism should contribute or be directly related to the common theme of the total research effort. These scientifically meritorious projects should demonstrate an essential element of unity and interdependence, i.e., a system of research activities and projects directed toward a well-defined research program goal.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Research Project (R01) Grant R01: The Research Project (R01) grant is an award made to support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in an area representing the investigator's specific interest and competencies.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Research Project Grant RPG

An award made to an institution/organization to support discrete, specified, circumscribed projects to be performed by named investigators in areas representing their specific interest and competencies.

Research Project Grants and Cooperative Agreements include the following activity codes:

R00, R01, R03, R15, R21, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R50, R56, R61, RC1, RC2, RC3, RC4, RF1, RL1, RL2, RL9, P01, P42, PM1, PN1, RM1, UA5, UC1, UC2, UC3, UC4, UC7, UF1, UG3, UH2, UH3, UH5, UM1, UM2, U01, U19, U34, DP1, DP2, DP3, DP4, DP5.

NIH's most commonly used grant program is the Research Project Grant Program (R01).

Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.

Research Projects

Includes the following selected Research Grant and Cooperative Agreement activities:

R01, R03, R15, R21, R22, R23, R29, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R55, R56, RC1, P01, P42, PN1, U01, U19, UC1.

Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.

Research Scientist Development Award - Research & Training K01: For support of a scientist, committed to research, in need of both advanced research training and additional experience.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Research Strategy

Part of the Research Plan subsection of the NIH SF424 (R&R) - Forms Version D "G.400 - PHS 398 Research Plan Form" describing the importance and innovation potential of a principal investigator's proposed research and how it will be conducted.

The Research Strategy comprises these subsections:

Significance,
Innovation,
Approach,
Preliminary Studies for new applications;
Progress Report for renewal or revision applications).

For additional information, see the NIH OER G.400 - PHS 398 Research Plan Form Application Guide.

Research Supplements to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research (Admin Supp): Administrative supplements to improve the diversity of the research workforce by recruiting and supporting students, post-doctorates, and eligible investigators from groups that have been shown to be underrepresented in health-related research. This supplement opportunity is also available to PD(s)/PI(s) of research grants who are or become disabled and need additional support to accommodate their disability in order to continue to work on the research project. Administrative supplements must support work within the scope of the original project.
For additional information, visit NCI's Continuing Umbrella of Research Experiences (CURE) webpage for information about Diversity Research Supplements.

Research Supplements to Promote Re-Entry into Biomedical and Behavioral Research Careers (Admin Supp): Administrative supplements to research grants to support individuals with high potential to re-enter an active research career after taking time off for family responsibilities or other qualifying circumstances. The aim of these supplements is to encourage such individuals to re-enter research careers within the missions of all the program areas of NIH.
For additional information, check the NCI's Continuing Umbrella of Research Experiences (CURE) webpage.

Resetting a Grant Start Date: Shortening a grant's budget period by giving it a new anniversary date, generally to avoid having too many awards start at the end of a fiscal year. Resetting a grant's start date may affect when a grantee would submit a recompeting application.

Resource Sharing Plan

The Resource Sharing Plan is a part the SF424 (R&R) - Forms Version E (R&R) - G.400 - PHS 398 Research Plan Form.

The content consists of the following:

Data Sharing Plan: Investigators seeking $500,000 or more in direct costs (exclusive of consortium F&A) in any budget period are expected to include a brief 1-paragraph description of how final research data will be shared, or explain why data-sharing is not possible (for example human subject concerns, the Small Business Innovation Development Act provisions, etc.). Specific FOAs may require that all applications include this information regardless of the dollar level.
Sharing Model Organisms: Regardless of the amount requested, all applications where the development of model organisms is anticipated are expected to include a description of a specific plan for sharing and distributing unique model organisms or state why such sharing is restricted or not possible.
Genomic Data Sharing (GDS): Applicants seeking funding for research that generates large-scale human or non-human genomic data are expected to provide a plan for sharing of these data.

It is NIH policy that the results and accomplishments of the activities that it funds should be made available to the public. PIs and funding recipient institutions are expected to make the results and accomplishments of their activities available to the research community and to the public at large. The following links highlight selected NIH policies and related guidance on sharing of research resources developed with NIH funding.

For additional information, visit the NIH Sharing Policies and Related Guidance on NIH-Funded Research Resources webpage.

Resource-Related Research Projects, and Cooperative Agreements R24 U24: To support research projects that will enhance the capability of resources to serve biomedical research.
For additional information, visit the Resource Grants webpage, the R-24 Resource-Related Research Projects webpage and the U-24 Resource-Related Research Projects--Cooperative Agreements webpage.

Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR): Responsible conduct of research is defined as the practice of scientific investigation with integrity. It involves the awareness and application of established professional norms and ethical principles in the performance of all activities related to scientific research.
NIH requires that all trainees, fellows, participants, and scholars receiving support through any NIH training, career development award (individual or institutional), research education grant, and dissertation research grant must receive instruction in responsible conduct of research.
Excerpted from NIH Guide Notice NOT-OD-10-019.
For addition information, visit the NIH OER Research Integrity webpage.

Restricted Award: An award with a restriction.
For example, NIH Policy Manual 7410 Section C.1.c.4 states: "Under specific circumstances, there is the option to make a restricted award (Code 48) with specific terms and conditions of award that withhold funds for the human subjects research aspects until unacceptable ratings are resolved."; See: Restriction

Restriction: Special term and condition in a Notice of Award or article in a contract that limits activities and expenditures. It may be lifted or adjusted if the requirements are met.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.

Resubmission: An unfunded application that has been modified following initial review and resubmitted for new consideration. Before a resubmission application can be submitted, the PD/PI must have received the summary statement from the previous review. A resubmission application may be submitted for new, renewal, or revision applications. NIH allows only one resubmission application. Policies regarding resubmission applications can be found in the application guide. A resubmission has a suffix in its application identification number, e.g., A1.
See Resubmission Policy.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.

Resume and Summary of Discussion: The Resume and Summary of Discussion section is prepared by the NIH Scientific Review Officer (SRO) and summarizes the discussion of the application during the review meeting.
Quoted from Understanding Your Peer Review Summary Statement.

Review Critera for Contract Projects and Proposals

(a) In carrying out its review of a project concept under §52h.10(a) or §52h.10(b), the peer review group shall take into account, among other pertinent factors:

(1) The significance from a scientific or technical standpoint of the goals of the proposed research or development activity;

(2) The availability of the technology and other resources necessary to achieve those goals;

(3) The extent to which there are identified, practical uses for the anticipated results of the activity; and

(4) Where the review includes the project approach, the adequacy of the methodology to be utilized in carrying out the activity.

(b) In carrying out its review of unsolicited contract proposals under §52h.9, the peer review group shall take into account, among other pertinent factors, the criteria in §52h.8 which are relevant to the particular proposals.

(c) In carrying out its review of solicited proposals under §52h.10(a) or (b), the peer review group shall evaluate each proposal in accordance with the criteria set forth in the request for proposals.

See 42 CFR §52.h11

Review Criteria for Grants

In carrying out its review under §52h.7, the scientific peer review group shall assess the overall impact that the project could have on the research field involved, taking into account, among other pertinent factors:

(a) The significance of the goals of the proposed research, from a scientific or technical standpoint;

(b) The adequacy of the approach and methodology proposed to carry out the research;

(d) The qualifications and experience of the principal investigator and proposed staff;

(e) The scientific environment and reasonable availability of resources necessary to the research;

(f) The adequacy of plans to include both genders, minorities, children and special populations as appropriate for the scientific goals of the research;

(g) The reasonableness of the proposed budget and duration in relation to the proposed research; and

(h) The adequacy of the proposed protection for humans, animals, and the environment, to the extent they may be adversely affected by the project proposed in the application.

See 42 CFR §52h.8

Review Cycle: Refers to the Center for Scientific Review's thrice yearly initial peer review cycle, from the receipt of applications to the date of the review.
See Standard Receipt Dates.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.; See Also: Application Cycle

Review Module: See: IMPACII Peer Review Module

Review Panel: See: Peer Review Group

Review Policy Committee RPC: The Review Policy Committee (RPC) is the principal forum for the development, implementation, and evaluation of review policies and procedures for all types of research, training, and development awards submitted to the NIH.

Revised Application: See: Resubmission

Revision: As defined in the Federalwide SF424 (R&R): An application that proposes a change in 1) the Federal Government's financial obligations or contingent liability from an existing obligation, or 2) any other change in the terms and conditions of the existing award. Note in general for NIH applicants, #2 would not require the submission of another application. NIH grantees use revision applications to request an increase in support in a current budget period for expansion of the project's approved scope or research protocol. Applicants must apply and undergo peer review. The previous NIH term was "competing supplemental." NOTE: The former NIH term "revision," is now "resubmission". A revision has a suffix in its application identification number; e.g., S1.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.
For additional information, visit the NIH OER Competing Revisions webpage.; See Also: Resubmission

Rigor and Reproducibility: Scientific rigor and transparency in conducting biomedical research is key to the successful application of knowledge toward improving health outcomes. The information provided on this website is designed to assist the extramural community in addressing rigor and transparency in NIH grant applications and progress reports.
For additional information, visit the NIH OER Rigor and Reproducibility webpage.

Ruth L. Kirschstein Institutional National Research Service Award T32: To enable institutions to make National Research Service Awards to individuals selected by them for predoctoral and postdoctoral research training in specified shortage areas.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) for Individual Postdoctoral Fellows (F32) F32: Individual NCI F32 fellowship awards are made for training at a specific institution under the guidance of a particular sponsor. Prior approval by NCI is required for a transfer of the award to another institution, a change in the primary sponsor or a significant project change. If the primary sponsor plans to be absent for a continuous period of more than 3 months, an interim sponsor must be named by the institution and approved in writing by NCI.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) for Individual Predoctoral Fellows (F31) F31: Supports promising doctoral candidates who will perform dissertation research and training for a PhD degree in a scientific health-related field relevant to the mission of the NCI during the tenure of the award. Applicants for the F31 must be candidates for the PhD degree and must be at the dissertation research stage of training at the time of award.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) for Individual Predoctoral MD/PhD Degree Fellows (F30) F30: To provide predoctoral individuals with supervised research training in specified health and health-related areas leading toward the research degree (e.g., Ph.D.).
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) for Senior Fellows (F33) F33: To provide opportunities for experienced scientists to make major changes in the direction of research careers, to broaden scientific background, to acquire new research capabilities, to enlarge command of an allied research field, or to take time from regular professional responsibilities for the purpose of increasing capabilities to engage in health-related research.
For additional information, visit the NCI Grant Activity Codes/Mechanisms webpage.

Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Awards (NRSA): Awards to both individuals and institutions to provide research training in specified health-related areas. Go to Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award Research Training Grants and Fellowships.
Quoted from the NIH OER Glossary & Acronym List.

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